| 源 | 弹性(kPa) | 粘度(Pa * s) | 样本 | 测量技术 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Basford et al. (2002) [65］ | 剪切模量G 16.16 ± 00.19 kPa(tissue stiffness defined as equal to G in study) |
没有数据 | 所支配腓肠肌(人类) | Magnetic Resonance Elastography (MRE) |
| Chen et al. (1996) [66］ | 杨氏模量 2.12 ± 0.91 kPa(超声波) 1.53 ± 0.31 kPa英斯特朗)( |
没有数据 | 肌肉longissimus(牛) | Ultrasound and Instron methods |
| Chen et al. (2009) [67］ | 29个kPa(along the muscle fiber) 12个kPa(across the muscle fiber) |
9.9 Pa *年代(纤维) 5.7 Pa *年代(在纤维) |
横纹肌纤维[体外](牛) | Shearwave dispersion ultrasound vibrometry (SDUV) |
| Debernard et al. (2013) [68］ | 剪切模量G 3.67 ± 0.71 kPa被动(VM) 11.29±1.04 kPa(VM, 20%活动) 6.89±1.27 kPa(SR,被动) 1.61 ± 0.37 kPa(脂肪) |
4.5±1.64 Pa*s被动(VM) 12.14 ± 1.47 Pa*s(VM, 20%活动) 6.63 ± 1.27 Pa*s(SR,被动) |
进行股内侧肌(VM) 肌肉缝匠肌(SR) 皮下(结缔组织)和脂肪组织 |
Multifrequency magnetic resonance elastography (MMRE) |
| Dresner et al. (2001) [69］ | 剪切刚度G 23.8 ± 6.68 kPa(牛) Ø27.3 kPa（范围:8 - 34 kPa)(人类) |
没有数据 | Muscle tissue (ex vivo) (bovine) 肌肉肱二头肌(人类) |
绝笔 |
| Eby et al. (2013) [70］ | 剪切模量G 5.81 kPa(at 90° elbow angle) |
没有数据 | 上肢肌肉(porcine, whole muscle specimen) | 横波弹性成像(SWE) |
| Gennisson et al. (2010) [71] (Eby et al. (2013) [70]) | 5.4 kPa(at 90° elbow angle) 29.54 kPa(at 165° elbow angle) |
没有数据 | 肌肉肱二头肌(人类) | 无创超声剪切成像技术 |
| Hoyt et al. (2008) [72］ | 剪切模量G 5.87 kPa(放松,射频,V1) 11.17 kPa(简约,射频,V1) 5.33 kPa(放松,射频V2) 9.70 kPa(简约,射频,V2) 6.09 kPa(放松,BB, V1) 8.42 kPa(简约,BB, V1) 8.68 kPa(放松,BB, V2) 11.88 kPa(简约,BB, V2) 4.45 kPa(BF, V1) 4.98 kPa(毫克,V1) |
9.14 Pa *年代(放松,射频,V1) 11.88 Pa *年代(简约,射频,V1) 9.72 Pa *年代(放松,射频V2) 11.60 Pa *年代(简约,射频,V2) 10.55 Pa *年代(放松,BB, V1) 11.90 Pa *年代(简约,BB, V1) 9.73 Pa *年代(放松,BB, V2) 13.22 Pa *年代(简约,BB, V2) 9.13 Pa *年代(BF, V1) 9.26 Pa *年代(毫克,V1) |
进行股直肌(RF) 进行股二头肌(男朋友) 所支配腓肠肌(毫克) 肌肉肱二头肌(BB)(人类) 两个志愿者(V1, V2) |
Sonoelastography |
| 迈尔斯等人(1998)[25］ | 杨氏模量E 1750 ± 1180 kPa(被动,1 / s) 2450 ± 800 kPa(被动,10 / s) 2790 ± 670 kPa(被动,25 / s) 970 ± 340 MPa(active, average strain rates) |
没有数据 | Musculus tibialis anterior (New Zealand white rabbit) 活动:19.3 N, nerve excitation, resulting tetanic true stress level |
1750 Actuator displacement measured via linear variable differential transformer 光学数据记录 |
| Krouskop et al. (1987)[26］ | 年轻的弹性模量 6.21 ± 0.48 kPa(放松) 35.85 ± 1.38 kPa(mild, supporting 2.26 kg weight) 108.94 ± 2.07 kPa(最大) |
没有数据 | (human adult missing his lower right leg, from above knee) 六个志愿者 Measurement at the femur m .股中间部/m .腹直肌肌 |
Doppler ultrasonic system and Instron |
| Levinson et al. (1995)[27］ | 杨氏模量 30 Hz测量:79 ± 29 kPa 103±26 kPa For corresponding loads of 0 kg, 7.5 kg and 15 kg 60 Hz测量:25±6.75 kPa 127±65 kPa For corresponding loads of 0 kg, 7.5 kg and 15 kg |
Unable to quantify viscosity | 进行股四头肌 Ten volunteers 30 Hz measurement: (human) |
Sonoelastography |
| Ringleb et al. (2007) [73］ | 剪切刚度 3.7 kPa(1 d)4.4 kPa(2 d)(放松) 9.5 kPa(1 d)9.22 kPa(2D)(最大自愿收缩量的20%) |
没有数据 | 进行股内侧肌 五个志愿者(人类) |
MRE correlated to electromyographic data 一维和二维测量技术 |
| Shinohara et al. (2010) [29］ | 杨氏模量 40.6 ± 1.0 kPa(放松) 258.1 ± 15.0 kPa(自愿收缩30%) 16.5 ± 1.0 kPa(放松) 225.4 ± 41.0 kPa自愿收缩30%) 14.5 ± 2.0 kPa(放松) 55.0 ± 5.0 kPa(自愿收缩30%) |
没有数据 | Human volunteer (age 42) 骶胫骨前肌 所支配腓肠肌 肌肉比目鱼肌 |
Ultrasound shear wave imaging |
| Urban and Greenleaf (2009) [74］ | 剪切弹性 12.65 kPa(纤维) 5.32 kPa(在整个纤维) |
剪切粘度 2.91 Pa *年代(纤维) 1.05 Pa *年代(在整个纤维) |
Muscle fibers of muscle tissue (Porcine, ex vivo) | 超声脉冲反射波法 Tonebursts of 3.0 MHz with lengths ofTb= 200 μ s以100 Hz的速率重复 |
| Urban等人(2009)[75］ | 剪切弹性 11.98 ± 0.43 kPa(200µ年代) 12.50 ± 0.17 kPa(400 μ s)(沿纤维) 5.11 ± 0.11 kPa(200µ年代) 4.99 ± 0.06 kPa(400 µs) (across fibers) |
剪切粘度 3.51 ± 0.21 Pa*s(200µ年代) 2.92 ± 0.09 Pa*s(400 μ s)(沿纤维) 1.26±0.11 Pa*s(200µ年代) 1.57 ± 0.05 Pa*s(400 µs) (across fibers) |
Muscle fibers of muscle tissue (porcine, ex vivo) | 超声脉冲反射波法 Tonebursts of 3.0 MHz with lengths ofTb = 200 µs andTb = 400 µs repeated at a rate of 100 Hz |